dallas cowboy cheerleader salary 2023. Therefore, their yearly salary comes out to about $75,000. dallas cowboy cheerleader salary 2023

 
 Therefore, their yearly salary comes out to about $75,000dallas cowboy cheerleader salary 2023 Here's How Much the Average Salary Is

In 14 games, Gallup caught 39 passes for 424 yards with four touchdowns. A Dallas Cowboy cheerleader can receive $500 per match or $15 to $20 per hour. Dallas Cowboys play in the National Football League, the professional American Football league in the United States, including the National Football Conference and the American Football. In 2016, the New York Jets agreed to pay their cheerleaders almost $325,000 in back pay. This wage is a steal for the world’s most popular cheerleading squad. 1 million unless they sign him to a long-term contract. The current pay for Dallas Cowboy cheerleaders is $12 per hour, plus $400 for each performance on game day. 8 million. 2, 2012 -- Sharon Simmons, a 55-year-old grandmother, is as slim and toned as a woman half her age, and she's preparing to go head-to-head with women even younger when. The Dallas Cowboy’s Cheerleaders offer private clinics in their beautiful new studio at The Star!How much does a male cheerleader in the NFL make? Still, their salary is quite low compared to those of the players or other NFL staff. Kally. Appearance Fees. The maximum salary that the Dallas Cowboys pay for their cheerleaders is $75,000 annually. 2021: $182. 4 million to four cheerleaders, who allege Dalrymple walked in on their. Appearance Fees. . $17. 2023 Benefits, Bonuses, Dallas Cowboys Cheerleaders, Pay Structure, Salaries. Over the years, the salary of the Dallas Cowboys cheerleaders has been a controversial topic due to several modifications and pay increases brought on by court proceedings. 16, 2023. She tapped her NFL fanbase just hours before kick-off in the biggest game of the NFL season so far, as the Dallas Cowboys took on their conference rivals, the San Francisco 49ers. Eliminate that 15-33 from the total. The entire development is anchored by the Dallas Cowboys World Headquarters, which houses office space and the practice facility for the Dallas Cowboys and the Dallas Cowboys Cheerleaders. The Dallas Cowboys Cheerleaders went through a full rehearsal for the first Cowboys home preseason game set for Friday night where the five-time Super Bowl champions will. The estimated total pay for a Professional Cheerleader at Dallas Cowboys is $57,646 per year. The average NFL cheerleader's salary in a year depends on where they are in their career. In addition, beautiful cheerleaders can earn more money through advertisements or attending events. 41 and as low as $9. Dallas Cowboys Cheerleaders vs Average NLF Cheerleaders’ Salary. 88 million against the offseason (top 51) cap, leaving the Cowboys. A Dallas Cowboy cheerleader can receive $500 per match or $15 to $20 per hour. Additionally, coaches may be eligible for performance-based bonuses, such as incentives for achieving team goals or individual milestones. 4 million settlement paid to four cheerleaders in May 2016 over accusations of voyeurism by a team. NEW YORK — (October 20 ) — CMT today announced its most popular and longest running series “Dallas Cowboys Cheerleaders: Making The Team” will return for a monumental season 15 on Tuesday, November 24th at 10PM ET/PT on CMT. For instance, Dallas Cowboys cheerleaders, aka America's Sweethearts, who happen to be one of the most popular groups in the NFL, earn about $15-20 per hour, or $500 per match. Ashlinn Maze. There's a buzz of nervous energy and excitement when 600 Dallas Cowboys Cheerleader hopefuls arrive for the preliminary auditions. The Sports Illustrated Swimsuit edition is massive, but it’s not the only important swimsuit-themed content that fans are looking forward to this year with photos of the Dallas Cowboys Cheerleaders 2022-2023 calendar viral. The team's mascot was paid $65,000 a year while she had been paid less than $10,000 each year from 2014 through 2017. Jun 22 2022. FA News: Cowboys Acquire WR Brandin Cooks in Trade With Houston. Born on June 26, 1997, she is currently 26 years old. 9M views. Turner High School in Dallas. Dallas Cowboys head coach Mike McCarthy survived calls for his firing after a first-round playoff exit in 2022. Get Fast, Free Shipping with Amazon Prime. Kelli was in a Dallas Cowboys cheerleading squad in 1984. 62° F Dallas, TX. Cheerleaders for the Washington Redskins cheer against the New York Giants. So while some earn, per various reports, up to $75,000 annually, the net worths of a select few former cheerleaders are well into the millions. I’m excited for a strong group of super talented rookies, like in 2020. The browser you are using is no longer supported on this site. . They are also some of the highest-paid, with an estimated. Most cheerleaders in the NFL and other professional sports leagues make fairly low salaries, sometimes under $10,000 per year. 54 / 56. 2022 Dallas Cowboys Cheerleaders Swimsuit Issue | Preview. She also was one of the Chronicle's top trainers in 2015. He reports the Cowboys paid a combined $2. 99 $ 16. Elizabeth Voegtle. Two Photos: 1 Headshot and 1 Full Length Body; Two Videos: 20 sec. While the exact amount may vary, it’s typically around $200 to $250 per game. DALLAS - The Dallas Cowboys announced Thursday night that the hit show Dallas Cowboys Cheerleaders: Making the Team is ending its run on CMT after 16 seasons. Please click on this Dalla Cowboys Cheerleaders auditions page. DEC 4 TWO NEW LOOKS The Dallas Cowboys Cheerleaders will on Sunday night reveal. Longtime Dallas Cowboys cheerleader Claire Wolford is ready for her fourth year in the. 99. Discover the financial side of being a Dallas Cowboys cheerleader as we delve into how much they make per game. Post Views: 255 By Kameron Duncan The Dallas Cowboys cheerleaders are the among the most iconic cheer squads in all of sports, and on Wednesday they. Directories News Food Culture Sports D Home Living D CEO. 06 (75th percentile) across the United States. 9 million salary for 2023. However, some senior cheerleaders are claimed to make approximately $75,000 a year. The league has informed teams the salary cap will increase by more than $16 million over 2022's number to up to $224. Dallas Cowboy cheerleaders perform before a game against the Chicago Bears at AT&T Stadium on October 30, 2022 in. Therefore, their yearly salary comes out to about $75,000. The cheerleaders also receive a generous benefits. That works. According to Spotrac, Dallas currently sits at $16. Jensen Merill. At the end of it day, 43 Finalists were chosen to attend 2022 DCC Training Camp. 1 day ago · Each Driver's 2023 Salary Revealed! Keanu Reeves' Salary for All Four 'John Wick' Movies Revealed: See How His Payday Grew Each Time! The Richest 'Elf' Cast. the U. The. It also presents a cursory look into the personal lives of the. The Dallas Cowboys Cheerleaders are so iconic and they consistently set the bar for talent year after year. Add Caption. Some senior-level Dallas Cowboy cheerleaders earn $75,000 per season. 18, 2023, in Knoxville, Tenn. The Cowboys attempt to improve upon their 12–5 record from the previous two seasons and win the NFC East for the first time since 2021. Dallas Cowboys Cheerleaders: Making the Team is an American reality television series that premiered in 2006 on CMT. Thanks to the name Dallas Cowboys, the cheerleaders received a lot of. 5-11, 5-11, wandering through salary cap hell while searching for a quarterback. Their highest paid player is Dak Prescott earning $1,700,000 per year. Cheerleaders for the Dallas Cowboys can earn up to $75,000 annually. For added. This rookie class is so iconic and chaotic at the same time. Claire Wolford. A Dallas Cowboy cheerleader can receive $500 per match or $15 to $20 per hour. How much did it cost to see a Cowboys game in 1960? The 1960 Dallas Cowboy ticket prices:Season Tickets, 6 games: $ 27. They receive a fee for each game they perform at. my experience is similar to what you see on Dallas Cowboy Cheerleaders Salary Ranges for Pro Football Cheerleaders. dccheerleaders. Click here for a list of services and pricing. 12 Oklahoma were out for revenge against No. The maximum salary that the Dallas Cowboys pay for their cheerleaders is $75,000 annually. The official Facebook page for CMT's Dallas Cowboys Cheerleaders:. Add Caption. - Patrik Walker. L. 99 $ 16. However, the language of the deal stipulates that Smith can earn. A look at the 2023 trouble. The ‘Boys are America’s Team because of this. “ How much does Kelli Finglass make? Kelli Finglass net worth: Kelli Finglass is an American cheerleading director whoRead More →. Chandi Dayle. 38 (25th percentile) to $36. 7 million in base salary with a cap hit just shy of $3 million in 2023 before hitting the market at the end of the season. NFL cheerleaders make very low annual salaries. He's due $2. Wiki User. Either way, Pollard's price tag was too hefty to have alongside of Elliott, who was scheduled to count $16. 56 / 56. The Dallas Cowboys. Dillon Gabriel and No. The Dallas Cowboys are currently $7 million over the 2023 salary cap of $224. 261. The estimated base pay is $52,467 per year. The salaries of Pro Football Cheerleaders in the US range from $13,014 to $346,916 , with a median salary of $63,172 . The Dallas Cowboys made their 2023 preseason debut at AT&T Stadium on Saturday night. They receive a fee for each game they perform at. Firstly, they receive a base salary, which is determined by their position and experience level. Menu. According to the Cowboys’ official website, the first group leaders are Kelsey, McKenzie, Claire, and Chandi. A Dallas Cowboys Cheerleader can make between $4,000 and $5,000 per season, earning around $150 to $200 per game, with additional income opportunities from endorsements and appearances. Monday FA. However, you will be surprised to learn that the treatment of the previous Dallas Cowboys Cheerleaders. It examines the factors that impact salaries, upfront and ongoing costs, performance bonuses, additional benefits, and supplemental income sources. Jennifer Kathryne Amburn. Videos by OutKick Is this the year the jinx finally ends and the Dallas Cowboys cheerleaders get to perform in front of a Super Bowl audience for the first. They receive a fee for each game they perform at. The maximum salary that the Dallas Cowboys pay for their cheerleaders is $75,000 annually. Comparison of Dallas Cowboys Cheerleader Salaries to Other Teams: The Dallas Cowboys. The Dallas Cowboys Cheerleaders officially unveiled their 2022 team of 37 cheerleaders at a private event in front of family and friends on Monday evening at AT&T Stadium. 0. 99. Still, Dallas currently has odds of +1400 to win the Super Bowl. 60General Admission: $ 2. According to a CNN story about other lawsuits filed by cheerleaders against teams, the Raiderettes, the cheerleaders for the. Amanda Howard. 4 million after four members of their cheerleading squad accused team executive Richard. Action related nav. Net Worth in 2023: $1 Million - $5 Million: Salary in 2023: Under Review: Net Worth in 2022: Pending: Salary in 2022: Under Review: House: Not Available: Cars. The team decided to let offensive coordinator. This equals about $15 to $20 per hour and an annual salary of about $75,000. From auditions to cutting past members to the stresses of setting up a squad that will perform in front of a national. Sasha Agent Marrier was a Dallas Cowboys Cheerleader in 2010 and 2011. While the exact amount may vary, it’s typically around $200 to $250 per game. The NFL Cowboys Cheerleaders have a competitive salary range of anywhere from $15/hour to $30-40/bar. Update: Nov 19th, 2023 14:26 EST. The hourly rate for a supporting cheerleader is between $5 and $9 and pay of $250 per. net for more inquiries regarding the online auditions. That number doesn't reflect an additional $10. m PDT – Open Practice. Jan 12, 2023 Benefits, Cheerleaders, Dallas Cowboys, Earnings, Salary. Erica Wilkins. They perform at home games, participate in community events, and serve as ambassadors for the organization. The Dallas Cowboy’s Cheerleaders offer private clinics in their beautiful new studio at The Star! How much does a male cheerleader in the NFL make? Still, their salary is quite low compared to those of the players or other NFL staff. This article explores the pay structure of Dallas Cowboys Cheerleaders, including their base salary, additional money from appearances and endorsements, and reimbursements for travel and other expenses. . The Dallas Cowboys Cheerleaders were the innovators of professional cheerleading, and among the seven women that were chosen for the 1972-73 season was Vonceil Baker. There's an issue and the page could not be loaded. net for more inquiries regarding the online auditions. Retiring/Returning update 10-01-2022. Once their minimum wage was made only $8 an hour. With the successes and titles they obtain, the members’ Saturday, April 29 2023Contract Consideration: The Cowboys selected Gallimore in the third round of the 2020 NFL Draft, making this season his final year under contract in Dallas. Our numbers say that puts the Cowboys at between $7 million. Since NFL cheerleaders are independent contractors, franchises are not obligated to pay them salaries that align with states. The salary of a Dallas Cowboys cheerleader may not be enough to fully support themselves due to potential financial instability and concerns about well-being. February 11, 2022 by David Tyau, National Correspondent. They can also make extra money for attending corporate, private and promotional events. Contract Consideration: Anger is slated to make $2. That number is far-and-away the highest on record, as you can readily see: 2019: $188. The Cowboys will square off against both teams who played in last year’s NFC title game, but they won’t do it in Week 13. Embed from Getty Images. In addition, the league pays them $150 every game, totaling $22,500 per year. Armani Latimer cheers on a stage at the home team's end zone during the Dallas Cowboys game against the 49ers on Sunday, Dec. The hourly rate for a supporting cheerleader is between $5 and $9 and pay of $250 per. 6 4. Dallas Cowboys 2023 salary cap space (as of 9:55 a. 2023 Dallas Cowboys training camp schedule. Women’s Soccer Team filed a federal lawsuit demanding the. Many factors determine the compensation of cheerleaders. These figures have seen some positive. 4. Vonceil had no idea that she was making history as one of the first African American professional cheerleaders. Even more confusingly, multiple different outlets. Dallas Cowboys cheerleaders earn around $150 per game, and Baltimore Ravens cheerleaders are paid around $100 per game, according tothe Atlantic. Though it is said every year, this year really was the most talented group of dancers in DCC Auditions!What is the average salary of a Dallas Cowboy cheerleader? For instance, Dallas Cowboys cheerleaders, aka America's Sweethearts, who happen to be one of the most popular groups in the NFL, earn about $15-20 per hour, or $500 per match. The middle 57% of Pro Football Cheerleaders makes between $63,173 and $157,477, with the top 86% making $346,916. Ads and attending events are just two ways for cheerleaders to make more money. . Documents obtained by ESPN and multiple sources said Jerry Jones, right, and his Dallas Cowboys paid $2. com. . 99 $ 19. 43. There have already been some big changes made from the Cowboys so far in the 2023 offseason. 12 Oklahoma to dramatic 34-30 victory over No. The audition finals will be on June 14-16, 2021, and will be held at the AT&T stadium. On the other hand, the Dallas Cowboys reportedly pay their cheerleaders up to $500 per game, making them among the highest-paid in the league. The girls break down the Cowboys offense and the Commanders defense. Most cheerleaders in the NFL make a salary under $10,000 per year. The DCC squad is one of the prominent NFL Cheerleaders known for their precision dancing, dazzling costumes, and high-energy performances. Dallas Cowboys cheerleaders are paid an estimated yearly. Smith, 33, is entering the final year of his latest deal and is set to hit the Cowboys salary cap for a hefty $17. 65 million in cap space. The. This number represents the median, which is the midpoint of the ranges from our proprietary Total Pay Estimate model and based on salaries collected from our users. 2 million. The average amount of money. 3 Texas. Font Size: Paige Spiranac wore a Dallas Cowboys cheerleader outfit in a tantalizing selfie posted to her Twitter account Sunday. 2020: $198. Dallas Cowboys Cheerleaders tryouts at AT&T Stadium in 2019. The show first debuted in 2005 and is. 2020: $198. Paramount Plus offers all seasons from 1 to 16 of Dallas Cowboy Cheerleaders: Making the Team. 17, 2023 in Arlington, Texas. 2023 . Some professionals are reported to earn up to $75,000 a year, while a supporting cheerleader might only be able to command $20,000 a year salary. 99. Years ago, a number of wage lawsuits by NFL cheerleaders sparked a movement to improve pay, but how much has changed. For instance, Dallas Cowboys cheerleaders, aka America’s Sweethearts, who happen to be one of the most popular groups in the NFL, earn about $15-20 per. 11/19/2021. His 2023 salary is $13. According to the NFL’s website, cheerleaders make an average of $150 per game. The Dallas Cowboys are set to open the 2023 NFL regular season on the road, taking on the New York Giants at Metlife Stadium in New Jersey on Sunday night. 235 Harrison St, Syracuse, NY 13202. Firstly, they receive a base salary, which is determined by their position and experience level. This is significantly higher than the average salary for an NFL. 2021: $182. Dallas Cowboys 8 hours ago Dallas Cowboys' DaRon Bland sets NFL record with fifth pick-6 of season In 2023, Verstappen reportedly will earn a salary of $55 million from his team, Red Bull Racing. 26. You can return the. DCC director Kelli Finglass and head choreographer Judy Trammell oversee the intense. The Dallas Cowboys have been playing their best ball the past three games and are ready to feast against the Washington Commanders and redeem themselves from last year's season finale loss. As of 2023, Kelli Finglass’s net worth is $100,000 - $1M. This article explores the salary and benefits of Dallas Cowboy cheerleaders. An updated look at the Dallas Cowboys 2023 salary cap table, including team cap space, dead cap figures, and complete breakdowns of player cap hits, salaries, and bonuses. By Zippia Team - Jul. About Press Copyright Contact us Creators Advertise Developers Terms Privacy Policy & Safety How YouTube works Test new features NFL Sunday Ticket Press Copyright. By connecting to a US server on the VPN for Paramount Plus, your location is masked, granting access to Paramount Plus. quote: I am so honored & humbled to have been selected as the COVER for the 2022-2023 @dccheerleaders Swimsuit Calendar!!The Dallas Cowboys made their 2023 preseason debut at AT&T Stadium and so did their cheerleaders. It was exhausting, yet exciting, to see the DCC Final Auditions making a comeback to the familiar process it had been for so many seasons. During her rookie year as a Dallas Cowboys Cheerleader, she was told that she. There are some that are paid in the $60,000 to $75,000 per year range; however, this is rare. Introduction. The Cowboys Cheerleaders only perform at Dallas Cowboys home games. 4 million, and he’ll have $8 million in unamortized bonus money left ($4 million in 2023, another $4 million in 2024) that would be left on the cap. The 2023 Cowboys cheerleaders made their debut this week as they began preparations for the new season, and many of them were excited to either begin the journey for the first time or to be a part. Women’s Soccer Team filed a federal lawsuit demanding the. Kameron Duncan Sep 14, 2023 ARLINGTON, TX - JANUARY 16: The Dallas Cowboys Cheerleaders perform during the NFC Wild Card game between the Dallas Cowboys. The Dallas Cowboys are one of the {favorite} NFL groups with the highest internet value in the league. Therefore, Cassie Trammell has an estimated net worth of $1 million. The Dallas Cowboys Cheerleaders' swimsuit issue calendar is out for 2023. It’s revealed its swimsuit calendar cover model for the 2023 edition. Often imitated, never equaled, the 2022 Dallas Cowboys Cheerleaders Swimsuit Issue is now available. In the ’60s and (especially) the ’70s, it became a cliché to say “sex sells. According to Over the Cap, the Cowboys have $16. The veteran Dallas Cowboys. What is the salary of a Dallas Cowboy. CartTURNER LICENSING Dallas Cowboys Cheerleaders 2023 Box Calendar (23998052010) $16. With every opportunity I’ve been given, I’ve always prayed for an environment to make me a better Reece after a chapter closes and I truly believe The Dallas Cowboys Cheerleaders embody not only prIstine talent, but woman who are well. 3M in 2023. Courtesy Dallas Cowboy Cheerleaders. According to various publications, the common rate of pay for NFL cheerleaders is $150 each game day and $50-75 per public appearance. Danielle Marie Barhold. Each contestant has less than two minutes to perform a freestyle dance routine for the judges and prove they are a standout. the average salary for an NFL player is just $860,000, which says a lot about Mahomes' deal. This weekend, the team revealed its 2023 swimsuit calendar cover model. Therefore, their yearly salary comes out to about $75,000 . 8 million for 2023. The cheerleaders for America’s Team are just as well known. Dallas Cowboys cheerleaders through the years. Redwine, 27, has been in the NFL for five years. For example, Dallas Cowboys cheerleaders’ salary can amount to $500 per match. To watch Dallas Cowboy Cheerleaders (Season 16) on Paramount Plus in Australia, use a VPN like ExpressVPN. Here's How Much the Average Salary Is. Various media outlets reported the usual salary for NFL cheerleaders is $150 each game day and $50-75 per public appearance, which comes. No products in the cart. Recurring Event (See all) Come meet the Dallas Cowboys Cheerleaders at AT&T Stadium! Rally Days presented by SeatGeek give NFL fans an experience of a lifetime the day prior to Dallas Cowboys home games. 6 million, in a situation wherein Dallas needs to free up cap space for free agency, having already cleared nearly $30 million on Friday morning by restructuring the deals on Zack Martin and Dak Prescott. This is impressive compared to most other NFL cheerleaders. Dallas Cowboys cheerleaders. If hbo did make a show on pro cheerleaders this group had the storylines. While ZipRecruiter is seeing hourly wages as high as $58. A Dallas Cowboy cheerleader might receive $500 for each match or $15 to $20 per hour. Contracts Salary Cap Table Salaries by Year Positional Spending Draft 2024 Free Agents Dallas Cowboys cheerleaders roster in 2018 had 20 returning veterans and 16 rookies. Second group leaders are Megan, Jada, Armani,. Apart from performing for the iconic squad, this gig also. By sbramhall@dallascowboys. It is highly recommended that you use the latest versions of a supported browser in order to receive an optimal viewing experience. the U. NFL Cheerleader Playoffs. Claire Brown. Smith, 33, is entering the final year of his latest deal and is set to hit the Cowboys salary cap for a hefty $17. After being put on notice by owner Jerry Jones in. For example, a junior, also known as a supporting cheerleader, makes an average of $20, 000 a year, while a mascot bags $25, 000 and an NFL water boy $53, 000. Generally, NFL cheerleaders make very low annual salaries. This amounts to about $75,000. reality. May 2-12 – Online Applications Accepted REGISTRATION WILL OPEN AT 10:00 AM ON MAY 2, 2023 AND CLOSE ON MAY 12, 2023 AT 10PM CENTRAL. 2. NOV 13 DALLAS TIED 7-ALL Cowboys at Packers has been mostly. DCC Nationals | 2020. 86, the majority of Cheerleader wages currently range between $15. ”. Get it as soon as. This weekend, the team revealed its 2023 swimsuit calendar cover model. The Dallas Cowboys Cheerleaders of the 2022-2023 season are the official cheerleading squad for the Dallas Cowboys NFL team. In recent years, former cheerleaders have sued the N. March 1, 2012, 2:47 PM. 2022 NFL Audition Dates – Ultimate Cheerleaders. 08 an hour. Different media published the common rate of pay for NFL cheerleaders is $150 each game day and $50-75 per public appearance, which comes out to about $22,500 per year. Regardless, earnings for both are still dwarfed by some of the salaries that the NFL players will back each year. How much do Dallas Cowboys cheerleaders make? Dallas Cowboys Cheerleaders make $15-20/hour and $500 per match fees, for a total of about $75,000 per year. This latest season comes after a very different Season 15 due to the COVID-19 pandemic. During the 2014-2015 NFL season, ­Erica Wilkins had a banner rookie year as a Dallas Cowboys Cheerleader [DCC]. 8 million per franchise. The Dallas Cowboy cheerleaders can expect to earn $500 or $15 to $20. Friday FA Recap: Cowboys Solidify Their Backup Plan. How much did it cost to see a Cowboys game in 1960? The 1960 Dallas Cowboy ticket prices:Season Tickets, 6 games: $ 27. Study now. Dallas Cowboys Cheerleaders salary explored. Hey guys :) This video is to spill some SERIOUS tea about what it’s like to try out for the Dallas Cowboys Cheerleaders- this 11 hour day was long but a fant. But, overall the pro cheerleaders, will only get around $15-$20 per hour, with. The Dallas Cowboys have revealed. 55 / 56. Cowboys Salary Cap 2023: Spending & Space. Meet the basic requirements: Ensure you meet the minimum qualifications, such as being at least 18 years old by July 1, 2022, and having a high school diploma or. A former Dallas Cowboys cheerleader, Kilway was a certified trainer in Pilates and Gyrontics and worked in the fitness industry for 30 years. Our numbers say that puts the Cowboys at between $7 million. According to a CNN story about other lawsuits filed by cheerleaders against teams, the Raiderettes, the cheerleaders for the then Oakland Raiders. See answers (8) Best Answer. It is highly recommended that you use the latest versions of a supported browser in order to receive an optimal viewing experience. 2 million in base salary in 2023 with a cap number of $3 million after signing a 3-year deal prior to last season worth $9 million. While these players are sweating on the field during the game, these ladies are cheering their team up with crazy stunts and dance moves. Amanda Howard.